领域法学的理论反思与证成
作者简介:何松威,吉林大学理论法学研究中心、法学院副教授(吉林长春 130012)。
基金项目:
本文系国家社会科学基金青年项目“民法典与领域法的关系形态研究”(23CFX004)的阶段性成果
摘要: 通过反思传统部门法学应对新兴、交叉领域问题的局限,领域法学提出以问题导向为理论之基、以社会领域为规范基础、以领域规律为社会基础的基本主张。不过,既有领域法学没有真正融入我国法学理论话语体系,没有充分理解现代部门法学的复杂性,以及没有有效防范自身泛化风险。既有领域法学的理论困境源自其仍处于以具体领域为基础的归纳阶段,忽视对自身的理论证成。对领域法学的理论证成是领域法学融入我国法学理论话语体系的过程,包括外部证成和内部证成。领域法学的外部证成要厘清领域法学与部门法学的相互分立,防止领域法学被部门法学所吸收,也要揭示其与部门法学的同构互补,彰显领域法学的理论功能。领域法学的内部证成不是反对在特定领域中进行法学交叉研究的必要性和广泛性,而是反对在没有形成领域法学研究范式的情况下,盲目宣称其已成为独立的法学交叉学科,避免法学交叉学科的虚假繁荣。
The Justification and Rethinking of the Theory of Field Law
Abstract: Through reflecting on the limitations of traditional department law in addressing emerging and interdisciplinary issues, field law proposes its fundamental propositions: problem orientation as the theoretical foundation, social fields as the normative basis, and domain rule as the social foundation.However, the existing theory of field law has failed to integrate into China's theoretical discourse system of legal studies, adequately comprehend the complexity of modern department law, and effectively prevent its own risk of overgeneralization.These theoretical predicaments stem from the theory of field law remaining at the inductive stage centered on specific fields, and neglect its theoretical justification.The theoretical justification of field law constitutes a process of integrating it into China's legal theoretical discourse system, comprising two components: external justification and internal justification.The external justification requires both clarifying its differentiation from department law to prevent its absorption by the latter, and revealing their complementary relationship to demonstrate field law's theoretical function.The internal justification does not against the necessity and extensiveness of interdisciplinary legal research in social fields, but rather against prematurely proclaiming it as an independent interdisciplinary legal discipline without forming a research paradigm of field law, so as to avoid a false prosperity of interdisciplinary legal studies.