明代僧诗风貌的新变及其成因
作者简介:作者李玉栓,上海师范大学人文学院副教授 (上海 200234)。
基金项目:
本文系国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"明代僧诗考论"(21FZWB034)的阶段性成果
摘要: 明代僧诗风貌丰富多彩,在不同时期,或境界阔大不沦空寂,或冷寂清新不失本色,或个性鲜明不拘一格。以僧诗史的视角进行考察,明代僧诗有着“蔬笋气”趋于变淡、”烟霞气”更为凸显、”文人气”极其浓厚的嬗变。明代僧诗风貌的形成受到古典诗歌艺术的高度成熟、僧侣诗歌的长期发展、儒释合流与诸宗融通的佛教内外部状况以及明代社会的自身特点等多种因素的叠加影响。通过对诗歌风貌的变化及其成因的分析,可以为明代僧诗研究和僧诗史的撰写提供一些思路。
New Changes and Causes of the Poetry Style of Monks in the Ming Dynasty
Abstract: The style of monks' poetry in the Ming Dynasty was rich and colorful, occupying a mainstream position in different periods due to its broad realm without falling into emptiness, coldness and freshness without losing its essence, and distinctive and unconstrained personality. From the perspective of the history of monk poetry, the poetry of Ming Dynasty monks underwent a transformation in which the "monkish flavor" tended to fade, the "ethereal charm of nature" became more prominent, and the "literati aura" was extremely strong. The formation of the style of Buddhist poetry in the Ming Dynasty was influenced by a combination of various factors, including the high maturity of classical poetry art, the long-term development of Buddhist poetry, the internal and external conditions of the fusion of Confucianism and Buddhism and integration of various sects, and the characteristics of Ming society itself. By analyzing the evolution of poetic styles and their underlying causes, it can provide some insights for the study of Ming Dynasty monks' poetry and the compilation of monk poetry history.