20世纪二三十年代中国银行业领券发行制度的变化与发展
The Changes and Development of the Indirect Issuance System in the Bank Industry in 1920s and 1930s
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摘要: 在20世纪的二三十年代,近代中国银行业中的领券发行制度在方式与作用方面都出现了一些变化。在领券准备的成分上,部分准备金制发展为完全准备金制且成为惯例;在领券使用的方式上,银行业内出现发行准备库制,还推行联行领用方式;在领券资格和政策上,大型发行银行偶也有允许拥有发行权的商业银行向其领用,且在法币政策推行的过程中,协力推进,允许银钱行号乃至商号个人向法币发行行领券使用。受经济大环境变化的影响,领券发行制度被不断利用和改造,成为推广发行银行钞券使用的一种有效手段。Abstract: In the 1920s and 1930s, there were some changes in the ways and functions of the indirect issuance system in the banking industry of modern China. On the components of indirect issuance reserves, the partial reserve system developed into the full reserve system and became the common norm. In the way of using the indirect issuing banknotes, not only the Joint Treasure appeared in the banking industry, but also the method of indirect issuance by correspondent bank carried out. In terms of indirect issuing eligibility and policy, large issuing Banks also allowed commercial Banks with issuing rights to abtain banknots from them.In addition, in the process of the implementation of the Fabi (“法币”) policy, the Four Banks made concerted efforts to allow financial institurions and even individual traders to obtain Fabi from the issuing bank. Affected by the changes of the economic environment, the indirect issuing system had been constantly used and reformed, becoming an effective means to promote the use of specific banknotes
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