Historical Retrospect and Future Prospect of Innovation Organization Evolution under the Tide of Technological Revolution

At present, it is the introduction period of the sixth wave of technological revolution. The applications and promotions of the next-generation information technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence will bring about unprecedented changes in the way of innovation organization. Understanding of these changes and their impact will help better formulate industrial and innovation policies in the digital economy era. This paper firstly studies the historical retrospective of the innovation organization patterns in the previous waves of technological revolution, and then focuses on how the development of digital technology and digital economy promotes the evolution of innovation organization patterns in the sixth wave of technological revolution. Our paper shows that technological innovation and organizational innovation interleave each other and form a two-way feedback relationship: On the one hand, applying digital technology in the new infrastructure construction which is the core supporting technology, promotes the transformation of innovation ecosystem to an open, collaborative and shared innovation organization form; and the other change of external environment puts forward new and characteristic potential requirements for core leading enterprises, hence large enterprises will be more competitive and efficient. However, platform organizations will begin to popularize and large platform enterprises incline to obtain monopoly status through mergers and acquisitions within the industry, and these features determine the direction of organizational innovation to a greater extent. On the other hand, the pattern of value creation and distribution has changed in the digital age, and furthermore, pioneer enterprises are driven by the internal motivation of improving productivity and creating more value to enhance their competitive advantage status, which will actively give impetus to internal organizational innovation, carry the optimization of institutional arrangements among network organizations forward, and then promote the further innovation and diffusion of digital technology.