Abstract: In the process of seeking complementary and alternative measures for drug intervention, the interdisciplinary fields has broken through the cognitive limits of natural science and technology orientation, and has taken community as a leading tool for the management of emergent public health crises. The ensuing series of negative consequences focused the debate on: what is the evidence for the effectiveness of community prevention and control? By critically reviewing the experience of community prevention and control of global public health emergencies, based on the criticism of the tool hypothesis, we can guide the transformation from “passive tool” to “active and independent” community prevention and control mode. This transformation has two dimensions: On the one hand, as an active and independent actor, the community complements the government agencies in the process of short-term epidemic prevention and control; on the other hand, the community will show its firm commitment to long-term social recovery, real-time risk monitoring, and emergency response as a normal prevention community. Therefore, community can become a kind of risk response community with the coexistence of normality and emergency.