Abstract: Using the method of propensity score matching-difference in difference,this paper analyzes the impact of the rural collective operating construction land entering the market on the urban-rural income gap by using the data at the national county level from 2010 to 2019.The results show that the rural collective operating construction land entering the market has significantly reduced the income gap between urban and rural residents.On average,the income gap between urban and rural residents narrowed by 3.95%.The results of placebo test and robustness test show that there is no significant difference between the regression results and the benchmark regression,indicating that the effect of rural collective operating construction land entering the market narrowing the urban-rural income gap is relatively stable.Further classification and regression results of different regions in the east,middle and west and regions of different sizes show that in the east and large-scale pilot counties (cities and districts),the rural collective operating construction land entering the market has no obvious impact on the urban-rural income gap,while in the middle,west and small-scale pilot counties (cities and districts),the rural collective operating construction land entering the market has significantly reduced the urban-rural income gap.The findings of this article provide important policy implications for building a unified urban-rural construction land market,narrowing the urban-rural gap,and promoting urban-rural integration and development.