Economic Foundation, Government Form and Functional Separation Theory

The division of decision-making power, executive power and supervision power is called functional separation. The ideal state of functional separation is that those three powers would form a power structure and operating mechanism which guarantee their mutual restriction and coordination. The economic foundation determines the superstructure, and the political idea, system and behavior must be adapted to the economic foundation. The economic foundation with public ownership as the main body requires effective management by the active government as to maintain and increase the value of public assets. The efficiency-oriented active government implies that the coordination takes precedence over restriction among public powers. Therefore, the integration of the political party and the state has an inherent driving force as they are more conducive to coordination. However, the integrity of the party and the state does not exclude divisions of political structure which include both the division of concrete governmental affairs and the division of abstract governmental functions. The division of political structure is an inevitable requirement for the complexity of national governance in that the division specialization not only improves the power efficiency, but the division itself would provide the basis for the power restriction as a whole.