Abstract: Super globalization has swept the world since the 1980s. The world today is marked by changes unseen in a century, and globalization has fallen into a quagmire. How should we understand the current special plight of globalization? What is the characterization of changes unseen in a century? Based on the comprehensive perspectives of economics, political science, sociology and international relations, we construct a dynamic evolutionary framework integrating “economy-society-politics” to understand the deep-rooted contradictions of globalization in today’s world. We first review the evolution of global economic power and income distribution patterns during the recent wave of globalization, and presents a panoramic view of the beneficiaries and losers of globalization. In turn, we point out the evolution of the global economic foundation, that is, the changes in the global economic power structure and the deterioration of income distribution within globalization will transform the economic and social foundations, and then affect the superstructure: the country’s dominant thinking and ideology. The evolution of a country’s dominant thinking in the field of international relations and economic policies will inevitably affect its foreign strategy and policy formulation, which finally affects its own economic trend and even the historical process of globalization. At this point, we have completed a closed-loop analysis of “economy-society-politics” in which globalization affects the social and economic foundations, and then affects political ideology and policy formulation.