特朗普时代的镜像:亨廷顿与美国政治
Mirror Image of the Trump’s Era:A Study of Huntington’s Political Thought
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摘要: 2016年,特朗普当选总统开启了美国历史的后自由主义时代。他对自由主义的离经叛道在美国和西方世界引发了一场自由多元主义与种族民族主义的战争,如何理解这场战争,一时间成了世界各国知识分子争相著述的焦点。研究发现,自称代表美国沉默大多数的亨廷顿可谓特朗普的灵魂至交,无论是对移民政策的批评还是对多元文化主义的愤慨,无论是对民族主义的宣誓还是对白人中心主义的呼唤,无论是对全球化超国家主义的不满还是对中国作为核心假想敌的转换,亨廷顿均与特朗普的内政外交理念存在诸多不谋而合之处。通过对亨廷顿文本跨时代的情境主义解读,我们从历史政治学的视角回顾了美国政治从1960年代到今天的发展历程,明确了特朗普后自由主义转向是自由主义政策失败的结果:从源头上说,它可以追溯到1970年代民主党从经济左翼向文化左翼的转型,从后果上说,它导致了“种族民族主义”的复兴。Abstract: In 2016, Trump’s election ushered in a post-liberal era in American history. His deviant views on liberalism triggered a war between liberal pluralism and ethnic nationalism in the United States and the Western world. Study found that Huntington and Trump are soul mates. Whether it is his criticism of immigration policy or his indignation at multiculturalism, his oath of nationalism or his call to White-centrism, his dissatisfaction with global supranationalism or his conversion to China as a core imagined enemy, Huntington resonates with Trump’s domestic and foreign policy philosophy. Through the interpretation to the situation of The Times for Huntington text across, we reviewed American politics from 1960 s to today’s development in the perspective of historical politics. The conclusion is that Trump’s post-liberal turn is the result of the failure of liberal policies. From the source, it can be traced back to the transformation of the Democratic Party from the economic left to the cultural left in the 1970s. From the consequences, it led to the revival of the “ethnic nationalism”.
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Key words:
- Huntington’s political thought /
- Trump /
- ethnic nationalism /
- liberal pluralism
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