Abstract: Hermeneutics, staying at the turning point of literary criticism from formalism to historicism and shouldered the destiny of eliminating the old and preserving the new, played an important role among the varied theories of literary criticism of the 20th century. It had gone through a long process, but not happened overnight, since hermeneutics became an important center of literary criticism in the 20th century, which is from the classical one represented by Schleiermacher and Dilthey to the modern one represented by Heidegger and Gadamer and has left its aftermath to this day. In this process, hermeneutics has made a lot of progress, one of which is worth paying attention to is that as a method of interpretation, it has shifted from a poetic model to a hermeneutic model. The collision and transformation of these two modes of interpretation stimulate and promote the concept production, knowledge growth and theoretical construction of literary criticism, making hermeneutics a prominent symbol of productive literary criticism.