Abstract: The inquiry of the same source of fundamental structure and practical use is necessary for knowing what has supported nature, society and life, how the ever-changeable phenomena came to be one, what is the ultimate source and basis of everything, and how do human beings grasp the beginning of the universe. This mind prevails in various schools of ancient Chinese philosophy. Cheng Yi proposed this proposition, and the followers have made further inquiries of heaven-man relationship by various expressions. The Chinese philosophy suggests harmony, generating, dao and fundamental structure, which is the ultimate ground for seeking the original being of everything, the reconsideration for the ultimate explanation of mind, and a metaphysical way of seeking an ultimate world value, thus opens to the probing of the metaphysical and material things, which is also expressed by various expressions. The ways of thinking metaphysically and materially are the relations between nature and its becoming, sign and its cause, common and particular, dao and phenomena, source and attribution, and spirit and ritual. In the context of the near-modern communication of China-Western cultural philosophy, there were ideas expressing the relations and status between China and the West.