Abstract: In terms of aesthetic brain mechanism,Chinese landscape painting has the cultural uniqueness of aesthetic experience.Chinese landscape painting uses line and ink to reproduce objects,which rapidly activates visual neurons and visual neural pathways in the visual cortex of the brain in the early stage of aesthetic appreciation,so that viewers can recognize objects faster and process aesthetic perception more smoothly.Chinese landscape painting adopts the aesthetic principles of spatial composition such as “imaging the big from the small”,which activates the limbic cortex,the inner temporal lobe,the dorolateral prefrontal lobe,the temporal pole in the middle and late stages of aesthetic appreciation,triggering the subject’s imagination,emotional memory and social meaning of the real landscape,creating landscape imagery full of life and temperament.To achieve the purpose of expressing ambition,expressing emotion and realizing enlightenment.Chinese landscape painting emphasizes the integration of reality and the emptiness of the blank,and the emptiness and reality give rise to the vividness of the spirit and generate the beauty of artistic conception.This is mainly through high simultaneous activation of the default network and other brain regions,to carry out aesthetic depth experience in emotional resonance,create rich aesthetic imagery,produce pleasant aesthetic emotions,and create lingering and distant aesthetic artistic conception.