Abstract: China’s economy has changed from speed and scale growth to quality and efficiency development. The high quality of economic development is the strategic choice of the New Normal Economy and the main goal of economic transformation, and lies in the high quality of the real economy. But there are many obstacles in seeking high quality economic development due to the weakening real economy. The constraints to the high quality economic development are the imbalance between the real economy and the virtual economy, the low end of the industrial structure, the low end of the product value chain, the low benefits of extensive growth, the lack of efficiency and technological innovation, and damage to the ecological environment. The high quality of the real economy lies in the optimization of the real economy structure and industrial upgrading, the improvement of economic benefits and the technological innovation of the real economy, and the well-coordinated development of the real economy and the ecological environment. It is necessary to construct an indicator system to evaluate the quality of the real economy, in which the industrial structure, economic benefits, technological innovation, and ecological environment are the four primary indicators of the quality of the real economy, and these four aspects include a series of factors as secondary indicators. To realize a high quality development of the real economy we need to accelerate the adjustment of traditional industrial structure, upgrade the real economy industry, speed up the development of strategic emerging industries, develop the growth point of the real economy, innovate new ways of economic development and new models, and expand new areas of the real economy, upgrade technology and intensified production as a means to improve benefits of the entire economy.