端方与上海报界研究
作者简介:张建斌，中国社会科学院历史理论研究所副研究员（北京 100101）
摘要: 晚清报刊兴起，报人广泛参与政治，舆论之肯綮为政府所关注。上海为报界的“大本营”，信息集散地，华洋杂处，报刊云集。江督端方主政时期，与报人建立广泛联系，在利用报纸与报人的同时，着手对沪上报界予以整饬。筹备组建《舆论日报》，作为政府机关报，试图引导舆论走向。对于政敌岑春煊所把控的《中外日报》，采取出资入股与打压的双重手段。沪上行销甚广的老牌报纸《申报》，亦被两江政府暗中收购独揽，操控手段极为隐秘，鲜被外界知晓。外文报刊《上海泰晤士报》得到中方资助，反而成为清末政府对外舆论的喉舌。针对革命党人于右任所办《民呼日报》《神州日报》，采取“暴力”的关闭手段，但与报人却时有联系，与既往认知大不相同。针对政治取向各异的报刊，两江政府应用灵活的策略，报人参与政治与政府管控呈现多样化的互动和调适，报刊与报人难以“脸谱化”或“标签式”的概而定性。清末政府对于舆论的管控方式影响深远。
Research on Duan Fang and Shanghai Press
- Available Online:
2023-03-20
Abstract: With the rise of newspapers and periodicals in the late Qing Dynasty, journalists were widely involved in politics, and the crux of public opinion attracted the attention of the government. Shanghai is the “base camp” of the press. During the reign of Duanfang, the governor of Liangjiang, he established extensive contacts with press, and while using newspapers and journalists, he started to manage and rectify Shanghai newspaper circles. In response to newspapers and periodicals with different political orientations, the Liangjiang government applied flexible strategies, and the participation of journalists in politics and government control presented a variety of interactions and adjustments. Established the government organ “Public Opinion Daily”, suppressed the political opponent’s organ “Zhongwai Daily”, acquired “Shenbao”, cooperated with the foreign language newspaper “Shanghai Times”, rectified the newspapers of the revolutionaries. In the late Qing Dynasty, the government’s intervention in the public opinion space had far-reaching influence.
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