人文与社会科学：范式突破与再理论化（笔谈）
Humanities and Social Sciences: Paradigm Breakthroughs and Retheorizing（Symposium）
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摘要: 笔谈学者来自不同领域，但都以学术史变迁为背景、以实证议题为例，探讨跨学科视野在突破范式和提升规范性理论方面的可能性。于文认为以早期现代全球化为背景的“大分流”经济史研究对突破现代性理论中的欧洲中心论、公允评价亚洲现代化道路作出了重要贡献，但也近一步强调经济史之上必须有思想史的跟进才能理解中西现代化道路背后的认知逻辑和价值诉求。以明清转型时的“新经学”和西欧早期启蒙运动的“新自然法”为例，于文比较了中西同时期兴起的历史自治思想，并强调其对19世纪以来中西民族国家模式产生的巨大影响。李汉松认为当下北美国际关系研究和政治哲学过度去政治化，造成前者学科碎片化乃至庸俗化，后者则退化为制度附庸且不再关照政治本质。为此，李汉松提出重启政治哲学关于政治集体之间应如何构筑伦理关系的基本议题，重塑国际关系领域对政体、文化、冲突等议题的研究，批判建构现代多元国际秩序。王建宝通过讨论理学传统中主体哲学和历史的紧密关系，来回应当代学科综合应然和实然议题的重要性，强调超越性的价值诉求需要影响历史、并通过历史性地践行形成具体的认同。初金一通过讨论苏联作家利季娅·金兹堡对回忆录写作的文学分析，跨越文学与历史，探讨文化记忆理论如何解释非虚构文学塑造群体历史叙述与认同的功能。王海骁以中古史士族衰亡研究为例，指出中古史量化研究因为和统计学及定量社科研究常年脱钩而质量欠佳，造成学界对定量研究价值的忽视，并提出如何通过更准确的量化分析工具解释宏观历史变迁。Abstract: Yu Wen analyzes the “Great Divergence” scholarship within early modern globalization,which challenges Eurocentrism in modernity theory and explores Asia’s path to modernization.She insists,however,a deeper understanding of the logic and values behind different modernization processes requires shifting the focus from economic to intellectual history.Comparing the “New Classical Learning” during the Ming-Qing transition with the “New Natural Law” of the early Enlightenment,Yu examines ideas of historical self-government in China and the West,noting their impacts on these two regions to develop different nation-state models since the nineteenth century.Li Hansong warns of a crisis in North American scholarship on international relations and political philosophy due to excessive depoliticization.He calls for reengagement with the core political philosophical issues of building ethical relations among political communities and reevaluation of topics such as political regimes,culture,and conflicts as the critical basis for the modern diverse international order.Wang Jianbao,inspired by the connection between philosophy and history within the Neo-Confucian tradition,argues for reintegrating normative and empirical research.He contends that while the pursuit of transcendental value in philosophy shapes historical practice,philosophy must also draw on history to become tangible and substantiated to form concrete identities.Chu Jinyi examines Soviet writer Lidiya Ginzburg’s analysis of memoir writing to show how cultural memory theory can illuminate the role of non-fiction in crafting collective history and identities.Wang Haixiao,focusing on medieval Chinese history,highlights the shortcomings of existing quantitative research in this area due to its isolation from evolving statistical social science methods.These shortcomings have led to undervaluation of quantitative methods in the field,and Wang proposes better quantitative tools to elucidate broad historical transformations.
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