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Volume 55 Issue 6
June 2023
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    Citation: WANG Huaping. The Turing Test and Social Cognition[J]. Academic Monthly, 2023, 55(6): 5-15. shu

    The Turing Test and Social Cognition

    • Abstract

      The Turing test is one of the philosophical pillars of AI, which has spurred the development of AI. Nowadays, while some people still deem it to be “the golden standard” of AI, many think it is “out”, and “the time has come to bid farewell to it”. This paper shows that many criticisms against the Turing test is resulted from misunderstanding. This includes the behaviorist interpretation, the eliminative interpretation and the inductive interpretation. Once these misunderstandings are cleared, those criticisms correspondingly dissolve. However, what is more important is that even most of supporters of the Turing test do not get the deep insight an Turing produced in it. The deep insight is that intelligence is an “emotional concept”. This paper agrees with Diane Proudfoot that it is the response-dependent interpretation that matches the idea that intelligence is an “emotional concept”. However, the account Proudfoot makes is problematic. This paper gives an adequate account of the response-dependent interpretation and argues that the adequate account implies that a machine must be endowed with social cognition capacities for it to pass the Turing test. This implication tells us that the key for building a machine which has real intelligence lies not in giving a computational account of the hidden essence of intelligence, but in social cognition.
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    • References

    • Access

      1. [1]

        ZHANG Yi . Cognitive Transformation in Historical Research in the Age of AI——“Fluency-Induced Occlusion” in LLM-Assisted Reading of Diplomatic Manuscripts. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 29-40.

      2. [2]

        YOU Yang . How Does AI Understand Language Meaning. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 16-28.

      3. [3]

        HE Da'an ,  LI Huaizheng . Digital Adjustment Mechanism in the Application of Artificial General Intelligence. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(7): 54-63.

      4. [4]

        WAN Yong ,  LI Yalan . Realizing the Function of Copyright Law in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(7): 104-116.

      5. [5]

        WANG Qian . AI-Generated Content and Copyright Liability: Paradoxes and Resolutions. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 118-132.

      6. [6]

        LIN Xifen ,  FU Zhangyi . How Does Public Trust in the Judiciary Shape Acceptability of Judges' AI-assisted Adjudications——An Empirical Study Based on Questionnaire Data. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 133-144.

      7. [7]

        YING Qi . Hegel's Conception of Reconciliation and the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(7): 23-31.

      8. [8]

        WEN Jun . From Technical Tokens to Social Tokens: the Ontological Construction of Token Sociology. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 145-156.

      9. [9]

        YU Jianxing ,  LIU Yuxuan . Beyond the Outside Observer: Repositioning the Social Sciences in the Era of Large Language Models. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(7): 77-89.

      10. [10]

        ZHOU Mujun . Between Theory and Empirical Facts: Habermas and the Sociological Debate on the Public Sphere. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 157-170.

      11. [11]

        XU Xiangdong . Consciousness and The Moral Status of AI Agents. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 5-15.

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          The Turing Test and Social Cognition

          Abstract: The Turing test is one of the philosophical pillars of AI, which has spurred the development of AI. Nowadays, while some people still deem it to be “the golden standard” of AI, many think it is “out”, and “the time has come to bid farewell to it”. This paper shows that many criticisms against the Turing test is resulted from misunderstanding. This includes the behaviorist interpretation, the eliminative interpretation and the inductive interpretation. Once these misunderstandings are cleared, those criticisms correspondingly dissolve. However, what is more important is that even most of supporters of the Turing test do not get the deep insight an Turing produced in it. The deep insight is that intelligence is an “emotional concept”. This paper agrees with Diane Proudfoot that it is the response-dependent interpretation that matches the idea that intelligence is an “emotional concept”. However, the account Proudfoot makes is problematic. This paper gives an adequate account of the response-dependent interpretation and argues that the adequate account implies that a machine must be endowed with social cognition capacities for it to pass the Turing test. This implication tells us that the key for building a machine which has real intelligence lies not in giving a computational account of the hidden essence of intelligence, but in social cognition.

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