论平等权的解释难题:结构性成因与诠释学思考
On Interpretation of the Right to Equality: Structural Reason and Hermeneutic Analysis
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摘要: 平等权解释的根本难题在于“平等”内涵难以确定,具有多元解释的可能,且现有的几种解释思路很难真正消解这一难题。这种现象背后的成因在于平等权基本公式具有“循环论证”的结构特征。这种结构利弊兼具,并对实践中的平等权的法属性产生了深刻影响。解决解释难题,亦须由此入手。其中,平等权的规范生成性是指它可以透过“循环”结构,使解释围绕着若干体系化的平等规范教义模式展开;主体交互性是指平等权能够作为中介平台,促进不同主体的平等观得以交互。它们局部地、但未终局性地解决了平等权的解释难题。借鉴哲学诠释学对于“解释”的思考,可知平等权并不存在最终的“客观正解”,也无需彻底消除“循环”的存在。相反,固化、僵化的解释却可能造成严重的实践后果。应顺应平等权的“循环”特性,对其作交互的、开放的解释。Abstract: The major difficulty in interpreting the right to equality lies in the ambiguity of equality. It has multiple interpretations and cannot be clarified with existing theories. Such phenomenon is caused by tautology—the logical structure of the right to equality. Tautology has both advantages and disadvantages. It profoundly influenced the practice of the right to equality and is also the key to its interpretation. First, the right to equality can produce norms. Through the explanation of tautology, systematic doctrines of equality norms can be produced. Second, the right to equality can promote interaction between subjects of law. It acts as a platform where subjects can communicate their views on equality. These two functions solve the interpretation problem temporarily but not finally. From hermeneutics view on interpretation, we can see that there is no final “objective interpretation” of the right to equality and no need to eliminate the existence of tautology. On the contrary, rigid interpretation may cause severe consequences in practice. The right to equality should be interpreted interactively and openly, following its tautological nature.
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Key words:
- the right to equality /
- interpretation /
- tautology
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