Historical-causal Correlation of the Term “Mind”—— Weixinzhuyi(唯心主义) and Mind,Geist,Idealism and Others

Modern Chinese research on mind,consciousness,and intelligence was first introduced from the West and then independently developed.Therefore,Hanese translation is the only way forward.The translation of relevant works over the past century has not been carried out in a planned and systematic manner,but rather in a scattered manner,with significant differences in translation methods.The Hanese language also requires the translation of words from multiple languages such as the mind,consciousness,and psychology,which may further exacerbate differences in understanding and terminology in Hanese translation.However,in the above complex situations,in the fields of mind and consciousness,the Hanese translations have shown a certain degree of consistency or unity.The question now is what are the reasons or constraints for this consistency? To clarify this issue,we examined and analyzed the etymological and semantic connections between a cluster of words related to the mind in English and German.By tracing back and clarifying their original,core,and main derivative meanings,we explained their corresponding relationships and differences,and followed this to find some corresponding and related relationships between them and a corresponding cluster of words in Hanese.From this,we discovered the order of Hanese-thought and some inherent constraints within it.In this context,we also reveal the broad and profound meaning of idealism and demonstrate the sufficient reasons for its translation as 唯心主义（idealism）.