情感经济的理论谱系与中国语境
Theoretical Genealogies of the Emotional Economy and the Chinese Context
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摘要: 当代社会中，情感正以前所未有的深度进入价值生产、交换维系与关系组织之中。然而，围绕“情感经济”的既有讨论长期面临概念泛化与窄化并存、理论谱系混杂、本土解释力不足三重困境。通过梳理情感劳动和情感商品化、后福特主义与情感性价值生产、情感在流通中的政治经济、平台化与情感治理四条理论脉络，并在此基础上提出情感经济的核心判断标准——情感不再只是私人感受或互动氛围，而是在特定制度、市场与平台机制中被生产、调动和配置，并进入价值创造、交换维系与关系组织过程，成为可被利用、积累、交换或治理的价值资源的社会经济形态，进而构建了“对象层-机制层-解释层”三层分析框架，并区分了“情感嵌入型经济”与“情感对象化经济”两种基本形态。中国经验的理论价值不只在于平台规模更大、场景更密集，而是在中国语境下集中呈现了平台时代情感对象化的高密度展开。由此，为情感经济研究提供了一个可操作的分析框架，并为理解当代中国社会变迁发掘了新的理论切口。Abstract: In contemporary society, emotion has entered value production, exchange, and the organization of social relations to an unprecedented degree. However, existing discussions of the 'emotional economy' have long faced three related difficulties:the coexistence of conceptual overexpansion and overspecification, the conflation of different theoretical lineages, and insufficient explanatory power in the Chinese context. This article systematically reviews four major strands of scholarship:emotional labor; post-Fordism and immaterial labor; emotional capitalism and affective economies; and platformization and emotional governance. On this basis, it proposes a core criterion for identifying the emotional economy, namely, whether emotion has shifted from a 'private feeling' to a social resource that can be produced, mobilized, measured, exchanged, or disciplined. The article further develops a three-level analytical framework-object, mechanism, and explanation-and distinguishes between two basic forms:an emotionally embedded economy and an economy of emotional objectification. It argues that the distinctiveness of China's emotional economy lies not only in the larger scale of platforms or the greater density of mediated settings, but also in the fact that it unfolds within a social order already deeply structured by relationality, moral obligations, and differentiated social ties. Rather than simply replacing the relational society, platforms are re-encoding it by transforming emotional exchanges once organized through differential obligations and everyday reciprocity into new relational mechanisms that are visible, quantifiable, subscribable, and governable. The emotional economy, therefore, should be understood not merely as an extension of the commodification of emotion, but as an important mechanism through which the relational order is being reorganized in the platform era. In this sense, the article aims to provide an operational analytical framework for the study of the emotional economy and a new theoretical lens for understanding social transformation in contemporary China.
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