波动的权威 游移的道统
作者简介:赵培,中国社会科学院文学研究所助理研究员(北京 100732)
关键词:
- 创经 /
- 拟经 /
- 广经 /
- 续经 /
- 补经 /
- 经典化
摘要: 创经、拟经、广经、续经与补经现象在儒学演进史上长期存在,反映出儒家典籍经典化过程的独特性。儒家经典系统之门始终关而未闭,一方面是因为秦汉以来经典原文献残缺,另一方面是因为儒学自身的“经子和合”之特点。抛开单纯的文章体式的摸拟,创经、拟经、广经、续经与补经其实是一种“希圣”行为,是儒学子学属性的外显。希圣与尊经是儒学演进过程中既对立又统一的存在,当希圣背后的子学属性发展到极致,以圣人自命者开始从对经典的创、拟、续、补发展到疑经、改经,道统凌驾于学统之上,进而反作用于经典系统,于是有了《四书》对《五经》的超越。得益于儒学的子学自新属性,儒家经典系统一直处在一种半开放的状态中,其权威性和典范性均呈现出波动性特征。
Further Investigation on the Authority of Confucian Classics from the Perspective of Classicization
- Available Online:
2021-02-20
Abstract: Further investigation on the authority of Confucian classics, we can find the uniqueness of the canonization process. The door of Confucian classics system has always been closed but never fully closed. The reason lies in two facets: the one is the imperfection of classics themselves since Han Dynasty, the other is that Confucianism itself contains the composite features of Jing (“经”) and Zi (“子”) intrinsically. Imitating Confucian sages, absolute adherence to classics, both of them are opposite but unified, conflicting but harmonious, together promoting the development and reform of Confucianism.When the Zi side over the Jing side, we can find many creations of new classics, mock classics, Continuations of classics, even more, Confucian scholars began to change the structure and the words of classics according to themselves’ understanding of Confucian sages, and some of them turned out to be new saints. The classic order is adjusted, as a result, the status of The Four Books surpassed The Five Classics. Profit by this characteristic of Confucianism, the system of Confucian classics has been in a semi open state, whose authority and modality shows a state of fluctuation.