关系现在主义的构建—米德社会理论的时间向度
The Structure of Relational Presentism
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摘要: 米德社会理论的时间向度,是我们理解米德社会理论的关键所在。如何可能从米德零散的文本出发、从唯我式绵延一端出发,但又能够建构一种更具社会学意义的时间观?我们将米德的时间思想理解为“关系现在主义”(relational presentism):既基于自我的绵延观念,重视“现在”,同时摆脱唯我论的问题,建立对“现在”的关系式理解,以记忆与期望分别联结过去与将来。并且,将自我中的主我与客我都理解成关系式概念,与期望和记忆分别呼应。由此,进一步指出时间与自我的关系性,这构成关系现在主义的基本意涵。Abstract: This article attempts to interpret George Herbert Mead’s social theory from the perspective of time. Mead’s unsystematic writing presents a dilemma because he begins by using the solipsistic duration as the foundation for his social theory of time. To solve this problem, this article reframes Mead’s theory as “relational presentism.” Although the duration of self implies an egoist orientation, it means that Mead stresses the conception of “present” by which he develops a relational approach to connecting his theory of time with that of self. This article builds connections between memory/past/me and anticipation/future/I to demonstrate this approach. Accordingly, the core argument of relational presentism is the relationality of self and time.
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Key words:
- George Mead /
- time /
- relation /
- presentism /
- self
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表 1 现在的关系呈现
呈现 意涵 流逝过程 绵延 调适关系 生命演化 区分关系 突现事件 -