战国楚地随葬《吕刑》现象探析
An Analysis of the Burial of the Lü Xing in the Chu Region during the Warring States Period
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摘要: 战国楚地墓葬中出土《周书·吕刑》竹简,是多重历史脉络交织下的思想史与制度史现象。以《吕刑》为代表的周代礼法文献,通过政治从属、人员流动与典籍迁徙等渠道系统传入楚地。楚人并非被动接受,而是对其进行了选择性吸收与创造性转化,如《国语·楚语下》对“绝地天通”神话的本土化阐释,以及清华简《成人》篇对《吕刑》的“再创造”,均融入了特定思想与时代需求。随葬《吕刑》的行为,主要见于中低等级士人墓葬,这既是“事死如生”观念下其知识身份与政治理想的寄托,也映射出战国楚地士人阶层在文化上主动认同并参与建构华夏主流礼法文明的历史进程。Abstract: The discovery of bamboo slips containing the Lü Xing(《吕刑》,a chapter from the Zhou Shu)in Warring States period tombs in the Chu region is a phenomenon in intellectual and institutional history,woven from multiple historical threads. Legal and ritual texts of the Zhou dynasty,represented by the Lü Xing,were systematically transmitted to Chu through channels such as political subordination,personnel mobility,and the migration of classical texts. The people of Chu were not passive recipients;they selectively absorbed and creatively transformed these texts. Examples include the localized interpretation of the “severing of communication between heaven and earth” myth in the Guoyu:Chuyu Xia and the “re-creation” of the Lü Xing in the Tsinghua bamboo slip text Cheng Ren,both of which incorporated specific ideologies and contemporary needs. The practice of burying the Lü Xing is primarily found in tombs of mid-to-low-ranking scholar-officials (“士”). This act served as a carrier for their intellectual identity and political ideals under the concept of “treating death as life”,and it also reflects the historical process by which the shi stratum in Warring States Chu actively identified with and participated in constructing the mainstream ritual and legal civilization of Huaxia.
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Key words:
- Warring States Chu region /
- Lü Xing /
- textual transmission /
- burial custom /
- Huaxia identity
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