胡适与国民党的“新文化运动”之争
作者简介:桑兵，浙江大学历史学院教授（浙江杭州 310058）。
摘要: 1929年胡适与国民党的“新文化运动”之争，是人权论争的尾声。一直自外于新文化运动的胡适首次以新文化运动者自居，抨击曾经的新文化运动策动者国民党一贯反对新文化运动，因而“反动”。国民党上海特别市党部的陈德徵等人为此围攻胡适，为国民党的专制辩护。国民党的其他派系、左翼人士和中共方面，也纷纷发表评论意见。虽然言人人殊，却从不同的角度论证胡适已经落伍，甚至不免“反动”。尤其是胡适坚持无条件拥抱欧美资本主义文明，排斥反对帝国主义文化侵略的言论行事，否定固有的民族文化和民族主义，引起逐渐转向民族化的各方的争议，“反动”的标签变成反诸其身的回旋镖。
The Dispute between Hu Shi and the Kuomintang over the “New Culture Movement”
Abstract: The dispute between Hu Shi and the Kuomintang over the “New Culture Movement” in 1929 was the epilogue of the debate on human rights.Hu Shi spoke as a participant of the New Culture Movement for the first time,attacking the Kuomintang for always opposing to it and thus being “reactionary”.The Kuomintang,however,was the former instigator of the New Culture Movement,while Hu Shi had always kept a distance from it.Chen Dezheng and others from the Party Department of the Kuomintang in Shanghai besieged Hu Shi for this and defended the autocracy of the Kuomintang.Besides,other factions of the Kuomintang,the left-wing figures and the Communist Party of China also perceived Hu Shi as backward and even “reactionary”.In particular,Hu Shi insisted on unconditionally embracing the European and American civilization,opposed to the remarks and actions against the imperialist cultural aggression,negated the national culture and nationalism,which aroused disputes among the groups that were gradually turning towards nationalization.As a result,the label of “reactionary” boomeranged against Hu Shi.
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