政党中心主义中西比较：21世纪的大分流
Comparative Study of Party Centrism between China and Western Countries: Great Divergence in the 21st Century
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摘要: 现代政治依赖政党驱动和运行。国内外的政党活动及其影响在21世纪日益复杂，有些政党是解决问题的方案提供者，而有些政党则沦为了问题制造者。在理论层面，政党中心主义在不同国家已经呈现出截然不同的认知形态，这表现在政党定位、政党本质及政党中心主义的理论根源等维度的差异。在实践层面，部分国家的政党政治已经造成了恶性党争、社会撕裂和政治衰败的后果；而在中国，中国共产党的领导成为了国家抵御风险挑战、人民创造美好生活、民族实现伟大复兴的根本保障和政治基础。对政党中心主义开展比较系统的中西比较，能够揭示出政党的价值在不同国家已经出现了巨大的分野。21世纪的大分流并不是表现在政治体制的差异上，而是表现在政治组织的差异上。Abstract: Domestic and foreign academics have increasingly enriched the research on party centrism. However, from the perspective of comparison between China and foreign countries, there are still some theoretical issues that need to be studied urgently. In the face of increasingly complex political party activities at home and abroad and their influence, we need to think deeply about whether political parties are a problem in the 21st century, or a solution to the problem? This question is important at both theoretical and practical levels. At the theoretical level, party centrism has shown completely different cognitive forms in different countries, which is manifested in the differences in the dimensions of party positioning, party nature, and the theoretical roots of party centrism. At the practical level, party politics in some countries has resulted in vicious party disputes, social tearing and political decay; in our country, the leadership of the Communist Party of my country has become the key for the country to resist risks and challenges, the people to create a better life, and the nation to achieve great rejuvenation. Fundamental security and political foundation. This paper makes a systematic comparison between China and foreign countries on party centralism, especially focusing on comparative research from the aspects of driving force, party relations, party building logic, and party building methods. Our research believes that the value of political parties in different countries has emerged huge divisions, and the great diversion in the 21st century is not manifested in differences in political systems, but in differences in political organizations.
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Key words:
- party centrism /
- comparative study /
- party building /
- great divergence
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表 1 政党中心主义中西比较
维度 西方政党中心主义 中国政党中心主义 本质 利益驱动+选举导向的政党中心 使命驱动+治理导向的政党中心 政党定位 资本与利益集团代言人 工人阶级与中国人民的先锋队 中枢作用 发挥主要协调作用 党是领导一切的 驱动力 个人私利 国家公义 政党关系 政党关系紧张 政党关系和谐 党建逻辑 党建资本化 党建社会化 政党监督 外部监督 内部监督与外部监督 21世纪的趋势 政党本身演化成问题 政党是解决问题的方案 
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