逸闻与辩诬:古代女性词传播的另一种路径与效应
作者简介:徐燕婷,华东师范大学中文系教授(上海 200241)。
基金项目:
本文为国家社会科学基金一般项目“近现代女性词编年史”(20BZW123)的阶段性成果
关键词:
- 逸闻 /
- 辩诬 /
- 女性词 /
- 传播 /
- 李清照 /
- 顾太清
摘要: 古代女性词传播场域是十分复杂的。其中,针对女词人的逸闻与辩诬作为一种特殊的文学现象,虽非女性词传播的主要路径,却以独特的副文本形态,为我们考察古代女性词传播提供了一个新的视角。逸闻通过诗词文本的捕风捉影、诗话词话或文人笔记的风闻之言、报纸杂志的耳食之论等形成并传播,逸闻的产生为同时代或后世的辩诬提供了可能;辩诬的产生又强化了逸闻的进一步扩散。尽管逸闻与辩诬助推女性词传播在各类文献材料中的呈现方式各异,但二者之间跨越时空的互动,使李清照“改嫁公案”、顾太清“丁香花公案”等事件成为文学史经典议题——相关女词人作品由此受到更多文人关注,并传播至更广的社会场域之中。这种特殊传播机制不仅拓展了女性词接受阐释的多元维度,也进一步形塑女词人的多维面相,使其更加立体与生动。
Anecdotes and Vindication: Alternative Pathways and Effects in the Dissemination of Ancient Women's Ci Poetry
Abstract: The dissemination of ancient women's Ci poetry operated within a highly complex social sphere. Among its varied mechanisms, anecdotes and vindications surrounding female poets—though not primary channels of transmission—served as a special literary phenomenon, offering a fresh perspective for examining the circulation of women's Ci poetry. Anecdotes were formed and disseminated through fragmented interpretations of poetic texts, hearsay in literary commentaries and scholar notes, or rumors in newspapers and magazines. The emergence of such anecdotes created opportunities for vindication by contemporaries or later generations, while vindication, in turn, amplified the circulation of these anecdotes. Although the manifestations of anecdotes and vindications in promoting women's Ci poetry varied across documentary materials, their trans-temporal interactions elevated controversies like the contentious debate over Li Qingzhao's remarriage and the "Lilac Flower Case" involving Gu Taiqing to classic issues in literary history. —As a result, the works of related female lyricists have received more attention from literary figures and spread to a wider social arena. This special dissemination mechanism not only expands the multidimensionality of the interpretation of women's Ci poetry, but also further shapes the multidimensional face of women lyricists, making them more three-dimensional and vivid.