Naturalist and Anti-naturalist Fractals of American Philosophical Holism

The American philosophical holism originated from the holism of Quinean naturalism, So far has formed naturalist and anti-naturalist fractals in the macro; in according to the attitude towards modern transcendental philosophy which Hegel represented, namely, the opposition against it was naturalism, and the approval was anti-naturalism. At the micro level, the naturalist fractal included the holism of Quinean naturalism, the holism of moderate naturalism of Haack, the holism of scientific historicism of earlier Kuhn, and so on; the anti-naturalist one included the rational reconstructionist holism of later Kuhn, the variant monist holism of Davidson, the concept pragmatist holism of Brandon, and so on. Nevertheless, The relation of anti-naturalist holism to naturalist one is not absolute opposition, but sublation, that is, although they conflict with each other in terms of research positions, ideas and other key points, they are consistent in the aspects of holistic approach, language and analytical style, and so on. The philosophy of American holism represents an important direction of the modern development of Western philosophy.