复杂性与公共行政的重构

赵吉

复杂性与公共行政的重构

赵吉

作者简介: 赵吉，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院助理教授，上海交通大学国家安全研究院研究员（上海 200030） ;

中图分类号: D0

Complexity and the Reconstruction of Public Administration

Ji ZHAO

Available Online: 2023-02-20
CLC number: D0

摘要

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混沌是指确定性系统中存在的内在随机性，处于混沌边缘意味着系统内存在着不确定性。

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需要说明的是agent与actor在英文世界的作品中也较难进行区分，甚至进行混用。但也有学者尝试提出二者概念的区别，认为agent在复杂性理论中应该优于actors，因为行动者是活跃的实体：他们表现出适应性行为，能够适应不断变化的环境。而actor则被认为是被动的，因为他们处理信息，但不寻求适应系统。参见Geert Teisman, Arwin V. Buuren and Lasse M.Gerrit, Managing Complex Governance Systems: Dynamics, Self-Organization and Coevolution in Public Investments, Routledge, 2009. 本文在中文语境中使用“能动者”的概念是从语义的角度为突出主动性而使用的，而英文单词的选用则按照复杂性理论者通常使用的词汇agent。在管理科学或其他自然科学领域也多将其译为“智能体”。

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Paul Cilliers, Complexity and Postmodernism: Understanding Complex Systems, Routledge, 1998, pp. 90.

这一过程也可以被理解为涌现，将在后文中进一步阐述。

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54Melanie Mitchell, Complexity: A Guided Tour, Oxford University Press, 2009.

55Eppel and Elizabeth., “Complexity Thinking in Public Administration’ s Theories-in-Use,” Public Management Review, 2017, pp. 1-17.

56Jean G. Boulton, Peter M. Allen and Cliff Bowman, Embracing Complexity: Strategic Perspectives for an Age of Turbulence, Oxford University Press, 2015.

57参见Public Management Review, No. 3, 2008.

58Lasse Gerrits and Peter Marks “How the Complexity Sciences Can Inform Public Administration: An Assessment,” Public Administration, 2015, pp. 539-546.

59Ansell Christopher and Geyer Robert “ ‘Pragmatic Complexity’ a New Foundation for Moving Beyond ‘Evidence-Based Policy Making’ ?” Policy Studies,2017, pp. 149-167.

60Peter Allen, Steve Maguire and Bill McKelvey, SAGE Handbook of Complexity and Management, London: SAGE, 2011.

61Fligstein Neil “Sense Making and the Emergence of a New Form of Market Governance: the Case of the European Defense Industry,” American Behavioral Scientist, 2006, pp. 949-960.

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76Matthew Jones, “A Complexity Science View Of Modern Police Administration,” Public Administration Quarterly, 2008, pp. 433-457.

77Eppel Elizabeth Anne and Mary L. Rhodes, “Complexity Theory and Public Management: a ‘Becoming’ Field,” Public Management Review, 2018, pp. 1-11.

78Ansell Christopher and Geyer Robert, “ ‘Pragmatic Complexity’ a New Foundation for Moving Beyond ‘Evidence-Based Policy Making’ ?” Policy Studies, 2017, pp. 149-167.

79Cairney Paul and Geyer Robert, “A Critical Discussion of Complexity Theory: How Does ‘Complexity Thinking’ Improve Our Understanding of Politics and Policy Making?” Complexity, Governance and Networks, 2017, p. 1.

80Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance, Oxford University Press, 2002.

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91后现代主义口中的正统公共行政，在文献的意义上通常是指涉威尔逊（政治与行政二分）、泰勒（科学管理）和韦伯（科层制）的理论。

92美国社会学家奥格本在1923年出版的《社会变迁》中，提出“文化堕距”概念，来说明在社会变迁中由于社会各部分变化的速度不同，文化集丛中的一部分落后于其他部分而呈现迟滞的现象。

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96Jean-François Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: Report on Knowledge, University of Minnesota Press, 1984.

97Steven Seidman , Contested Knowledge: Social Theory in the Post-Odern Era, Basil Blackwell, 1998.

98Hugh T. Miller and Charles J. Fox, Postmodern Public Administration, M E Sharpe Inc, 2006.
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摘要: 复杂性是现代公共行政面临的重要问题。复杂性理论对既有公共行政理论的分析概念和研究议题进行了重构，使其更能解释复杂公共事务的治理逻辑。复杂公共行政的研究既有助于重新理解复杂的行政环境，也有助于进一步了解组织的变革或政策过程。复杂公共行政的研究是对治理理论的继承与超越，它拓展了对多主体能动性特征、关系网络的形态、“微观−宏观”机制方面的理解，并为治理行为的发生寻找到了意义框架。复杂性理论在诸多立场上与后现代主义公共行政是一致的。建构一种复杂公共行政的分析范式，对于丰富和发展公共行政理论具有重要价值。
- 复杂性 /
- 复杂公共行政 /
- 治理理论 /
- 后现代主义
Abstract: Complexity is an important problem facing modern public administration. The complexity theory reconstructs the analytical concepts and research topics of the existing public administration theories so as to better explain the governance logic of complex public affairs. The study of complex public administration contributes both to a new understanding of the complex administrative environment and to a better understanding of organizational change or policy processes. The study of complex public administration is the inheritance and transcendence of governance theory. It expands the understanding of the characteristics of multi-agent initiative, the form of relationship network, the “micro-macro” mechanism, and finds the meaningful framework for the occurrence of governance behavior. Complexity theory is consistent with postmodern public administration in many aspects. It is of great value to construct an analytical paradigm of complexity public administration to enrich and develop public administration theory.
- complexity /
- complexity public administration /
- governance theory /
- postmodernism

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

复杂性与公共行政的重构

作者简介: 赵吉，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院助理教授，上海交通大学国家安全研究院研究员（上海 200030） ;

Complexity and the Reconstruction of Public Administration

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

复杂性与公共行政的重构

作者简介:赵吉，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院助理教授，上海交通大学国家安全研究院研究员（上海 200030）

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Complexity and the Reconstruction of Public Administration

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复杂性与公共行政的重构

作者简介: 赵吉，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院助理教授，上海交通大学国家安全研究院研究员（上海 200030） ;

Complexity and the Reconstruction of Public Administration

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

复杂性与公共行政的重构

作者简介:赵吉，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院助理教授，上海交通大学国家安全研究院研究员（上海 200030）

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Complexity and the Reconstruction of Public Administration

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