Abstract: Carefully combing through the specific process of the movement to protect writers during the Anti-Japanese war, it can be confirmed that besides the economic factors which usually considered to be the initial reason for the Literary Association to initiate this movement, a more important reason is that the leftists tried to take this opportunity to carry out a social movement to protect the rights and interests of writers. In the controversy between treating the symptoms and treating the root causes, the Movement for Protecting Writers ended up as the movement for protecting writers basic life. This movement finally brought the group of modern professional writers to the surface, and received unprecedented attention of almost all social circles.