灵武即位与安史之乱中西北军镇地位的嬗变
The Ascension at Lingwu and the Shifting Status of Northwest Military Governors during the An Lushan Rebellion
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摘要: 潼关陷落后,朔方军成为平叛关键、肃宗前往灵武即位的传统观点,带有“倒放电影”色彩。安史之乱初期,受西北蕃落接连动乱等现实因素影响,肃宗辗转北上灵武,又逐步南下,根据各种信息反复决策、不断调整行迹。玄宗末年以河陇军将主持潼关守军、以朔方军主力进击河朔的战略安排,使河陇军在玄肃之际的乱局中居于政治与军事上的关键地位。不同于玄宗尚欲维持西北边防体系的态度,肃宗为收复两京,着力经营天水、扶风一线,并持续征召边军入援。收复两京诸役中,河陇军连续作战失利,与回纥关系密切的朔方军及较晚被征召的安西、北庭军渐在军事上发挥更重要作用。安禄山起兵后肃宗的行动与西北军镇地位的嬗变,展现叛乱冲击下国家军政格局重构的过程。Abstract: In the early stages of the An Shi Rebellion,Emperor Suzong's journey was the result of repeated decision-making and constant adjustments to his route based on a continuous flow of information.Emperor Xuanzong ordered generals from the Hexi and Longyou regions to take command of the defense of Tongguan while deploying the main forces of the Shuofang Army to attack Heshuo.This strategic arrangement placed the Hexi and Longyou in a politically and militarily pivotal position during the early stages of the An Lushan Rebellion.Unlike Emperor Xuanzong,who sought to maintain the northwestern border defense system,Emperor Suzong,in order to quell the rebellion,continuously summoned frontier troops for reinforcements.In the campaigns to recapture the two capitals,the Hexi and Longyou forces suffered successive defeats,while the Shuofang Army,along with the Anxi and Beiting armies,gradually assumed a more significant military role.The actions of Emperor Suzong and the transformation of the northwestern military governors'power illustrate the process of the restructuring of the Tang Dynasty's state power under the impact of the rebellion.
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