经济危机如何提防和善后:奥地利学派政策的两大审视
How to Beware and Deal with Economic Crisis: Two Examinations of the Austrian School’s Policy
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摘要: 经济危机根源于大量财富被消耗掉而致使储蓄和投资不足,经济危机的提防和善后之策也应由此展开。(1)为提防资源耗竭和储蓄不足引发的经济危机,一国需要根据其产品的需求市场审慎地引导产品和产业结构,尤其需要有意识地限制那些以国内市场为主的高级品之生产和投资,而征收奢侈税则是一个重要手段。(2)为摆脱经济危机爆发后因过度调整而陷入长期的经济萧条,一国就不能简单地诉诸纯粹市场机制而应采取积极的逆向政策,尤其需要利用凯恩斯主义政策以扩大消费而不是听从奥地利学派主张以增加储蓄,而信用体系和信贷制度则是一个重要工具。显然,锦标赛制定价体系的经济周期理论有助于我们更清晰地洞悉经济变动趋势,尤其是,它充分辨识和契合了凯恩斯主义和奥地利学派的合理成分而提出了提防和应对经济危机的更全面方略。Abstract: The economic crisis is rooted in the fact that a lot of wealth is consumed which results in insufficient savings and investment. Therefore, the policy to prevent and deal with the economic crisis should also be around it. (1) In order to beware of the economic crisis caused by the depletion of resources and the shortage of savings, a country needs to guide its products and industrial structure carefully according to the demand market of its products, especially needs to consciously restrict the production and investment of high-ranking products oriented on the domestic market, and the expropriation of luxury tax is an important means. (2) In order to get rid of the long-term economic depression because of the over-adjustment of the economic crisis, a country needs to adopt positive reverse policies but not simply resort to pure market mechanism, especially needs to expand consumption by Keynesian policies rather than increase savings according to Austrian School, and credit system and credit system are the important tools. Obviously, the economic cycle theory of tournament pricing system will help us to understand the trend of economic change more clearly; especially, it fully identifies and assimilates the reasonable elements of Keynesianism and Austrian School so as to put forward a more comprehensive strategy to guard against and deal with economic crisis.
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Key words:
- economic crisis /
- market pricing system /
- enabling government /
- Austrian School /
- savings
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