西方“技术的价值中立”理想与国家治理使用中的“卫道”悖论——一个面向ChatGPT技术实际使用的探索
        
        
        
        
        	作者简介:尚虎平,天津大学管理与经济学部教授 (天津 300072);刘红梅,南开大学周恩来政府管理学院博士研究生 (天津 300350)。
				
        	基金项目: 
			本文为教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目 "重大风险事件中的网络社会心态及引导研究"(22JZD028)的阶段性成果,获 "江淮文化名家 (领军人才)"(2024)项目资助。
        
        
            
            摘要: 功能强大的人工智能语言模型ChatGPT一经发布,立即在全球引来一片赞叹声。在为技术的突破性欣喜之余,我们必须警惕作为一种来自西方的技术的风险性。虽然西方在将技术推向国际市场谋求利益最大化时,反复强调"技术的价值中立",但这种说教未可轻信。研究表明,技术的价值不仅不中立,还具有对西方国家治理硬件与软件的辩护性、对国家最大利益的维护性,且对非西方友好国家的国家治理硬件与软件具有排他性、否定性、攻讦性;只有在面向个体微观使用主体时,技术才具有非排他性。
         
    
    
    
        The Western Ideal of “Technological Neutrality” and the “Guardian” Paradox in National Governance——An Exploration of ChatGPT's Practical Applications
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        	
            Abstract: The powerful AI language model ChatGPT received widespread acclaim upon its release. While we celebrate the technological breakthrough, we must remain vigilant about the risks associated with this Western-origin technology. Although the West repeatedly emphasizes 'the value neutrality of technology' when pushing for profit maximization in international markets, such claims should not be easily trusted. This paper examines the actual use of ChatGPT, one of the latest technologies from the West, and finds that technology's value is not neutral; it serves as a defense for the governance hardware and software of Western countries and protects their national interests, while being exclusive, negative, and critical of the governance hardware and software of non-Western friendly nations. Only when focusing on individual micro-users does technology exhibit non-exclusivity.