平台型政府的“重层嵌套”组织结构及其制度逻辑
The “Overlapping-layer Nesting” Organizational Structure and Institutional Logic of the Platform Government
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摘要: 随着平台技术的扩散，平台型政府正在成为一种新型政府形态，并呈现出对传统科层体制的超越。平台型政府是一种融合技术要素、治理功能和科层组织于一体的结构化、复合型组织形态，即以“重层嵌套”为其组织结构，以“科层为体、平台为用”为组织形态，通过“基于服务的治理网络前台”“基于技术的资源共享中台”和“基于制度的权力流动后台”的“三台一体”运行机制，实现对个性化、多元化、复杂化社会诉求的回应与互动。作为“体”与“用”的松散耦合，平台型政府的产生及其运转是一种策略性的组织创新，其实质是追求“一时之需”的配置性效率。实现“配置性效率”向“适应性效率”的转化，需要在平台型政府与科层制政府功能范围明确界分的基础上，提升二者良性互动关系的制度化水平。Abstract: With the diffusion of platform technology, platform government is becoming a new government pattern and surpasses traditional bureaucratic system. Platform government is a structured and compound organizational form that integrates technical elements, governance functions and bureaucratic organization. It takes “overlapping-layer nesting” as organizational structure and “bureaucracy-oriented subject and platform-guided instrument” as organizational form, achieving response to personalized, diversified and complex social appeals through “three-in-one” operation mechanism of “service-based governance network fore-end” “technology-based resource sharing middle-end” and “institution-based power flow back-end”. The emergence and operation of platform government is one kind of strategic organizational innovation which embodies loose coupling of “subject” and “instrument”. In essence, this strategic organizational structure presents the pursuit of allocative efficiency of institutional nesting periodically. Therefore, in order to realize in-depth integration of platform technology and bureaucratic organization, prolong operational efficiency from the time dimension and realize adaptive efficiency of combining “temporary need” and “long-term method”, seeking solutions from tangled institutional system construction is necessary.
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