“大国协调”的重负与近代中国的“旧邦新造”

章永乐

PDF
Cite
Share

facebook

twitter

google

linkedin

May 2023

Article Contents

Citation: Yongle ZHANG. The Burden of “Concert of Great Powers” and the Remaking of Modern China[J]. Academic Monthly, 2023, 55(3): 108-125. shu

The Burden of “Concert of Great Powers” and the Remaking of Modern China

Yongle ZHANG

Abstract

In the face of the decay of the post-Cold War unipolar international system , many scholars in the world attempt to rebuild the global “concert of great powers” by referring to the 19th century experience of “concert of great powers”. However, China’s historical experience of being the object of the “concert” of the colonial empires has not yet been fully studied. Since the first Opium War, many colonial empires obtained unilateral most-favored-nation treatment from China, which brought them mutual interest. Since the early 20th century, great powers developed new mechanisms of concert such as the conferences of ministers in Beijing, the “network of treaties” and the banking consortium. On the eve of World War I, even though internal conflicts in Europe intensified, the six major powers in China still acted in concert to shape the outcome of the 1911 Revolution. The outbreak of World War I brought about the decline of the pre-war concert mechanism. Japan, taking advantage of the World War I, stregnthened its power in China. After the First World War, the Versailles-Washington system partially rebuilt the mechanism of concert, but suffered from great internal structural contradictions. Great powers such as Britain, France, and the United States failed to act in concert to stop the Japanese invasion of China. However, the breakdown of the “concert of great powers” also made China a “weak link” in the global colonial order, which prepared the basic conditions for the Chinese revolution. Taking modern China’s experience of “concert of great powers” as a reference, how to avoid the repetition of the dark side of the old “concert of great powers” in history will be a topic that China needs to rethink in the post-unipolar era.
- concert of great powers,
- balance of power,
- imperialism,
- the Chinese path to modernization
References
Access
1. [1]
  Yongle ZHANG . Concert of Powers and the Grand Compromise: The Network of Treaties, the Banking Consortium and the Path of the 1911 Revolution. Academic Monthly, 2018, 50(10): 91-109.
2. [2]
  Baoping REN . New Logic of Promoting High-quality Development in the New Journey of Chinese Path to Modernization. Academic Monthly, 2023, 55(1): 48-55.
3. [3]
  Chunguang WANG . Rural Non-Employment Income and the Possible Future Picture of Chinese Rural Modernization. Academic Monthly, 2022, 54(12): 128-140.
4. [4]
  Wei LIU . Chinese Modernization and Low-carbon Green Development. Academic Monthly, 2023, 55(1): 39-47.
5. [5]
  Ning WANG . Civilizational Identity, Consumer Civilization and Chinese-style Modernization. Academic Monthly, 2022, 54(12): 117-127.
6. [6]
  TIAN Guoqiang . Comparison of Moral Philosophies between Smith and Kant. Academic Monthly, 2023, 55(5): 36-44.
7. [7]
  Ziniu NIU . The Contemporary Contradiction between Transnational Monopoly Capitals and Sovereign States. Academic Monthly, 2021, 53(7): 36-44.
8. [8]
  Danli WANG , Ming LU . The Modernization of Rural China. Academic Monthly, 2020, 52(7): 48-56.
9. [9]
  Ming CHEN . Introduction to Political Economy of China’s Rural Modernization. Academic Monthly, 2021, 53(9): 72-84.
10. [10]
  Yi CHEN . The Characteristics and Predicament of the New Endogenous Modernization Road Led by Chinese Political Party. Academic Monthly, 2022, 54(10): 79-91.
11. [11]
  Hongming WANG . Work Teams: Chinese Experience in Modernizing State Governance. Academic Monthly, 2021, 53(3): 85-98.
12. [12]
  Desheng YIN . The Regular Pattern and Original Theory of Chinese Style Economic Catch-up and Structure Transformation. Academic Monthly, 2021, 53(12): 45-59, 73.
13. [13]
  Yong XU . Fundamental Agenda of the State and Chinese Democracy of Government. Academic Monthly, 2022, 54(3): 101-109.
14. [14]
  , . . Academic Monthly, 2017, 49(11): 34-48.
15. [15]
  . . Academic Monthly, 2017, 49(02): 25-33.
16. [16]
  . . Academic Monthly, 2016, 48(09): 59-72.
17. [17]
  Weiguo ZHANG , Shuang WANG . The Rise of the Great Powers: Eastern Asian Model andChinese Road. Academic Monthly, 2019, 51(10): 67-81.
18. [18]
  Chengyan ZHU , Jian’guo CHU . The Coordination between Central and Local Governments and the Transition of the Vertical Political System in Contemporary China. Academic Monthly, 2019, 51(4): 73-83.
19. [19]
  Guoqiang TIAN . Policy Coordination and Reform Response for China’s High-quality Economic Development. Academic Monthly, 2019, 51(5): 32-38.
20. [20]
  Mingjun ZHANG , Youhua ZHAO . The Logic of Institutional Maturity and Modernization of Governance Capacity. Academic Monthly, 2020, 52(8): 99-112, 128.

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Entire Issue PDF

Article Metrics

Article views: 294 Times PDF downloads: 2 Times Cited by: 0 Times

Metrics

PDF Downloads(2)
Abstract views(294)
HTML views(57)

Latest
Most Read
Most Cited

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

The Burden of “Concert of Great Powers” and the Remaking of Modern China

Yongle ZHANG

Available Online: 2023-03-20

Abstract: In the face of the decay of the post-Cold War unipolar international system , many scholars in the world attempt to rebuild the global “concert of great powers” by referring to the 19th century experience of “concert of great powers”. However, China’s historical experience of being the object of the “concert” of the colonial empires has not yet been fully studied. Since the first Opium War, many colonial empires obtained unilateral most-favored-nation treatment from China, which brought them mutual interest. Since the early 20th century, great powers developed new mechanisms of concert such as the conferences of ministers in Beijing, the “network of treaties” and the banking consortium. On the eve of World War I, even though internal conflicts in Europe intensified, the six major powers in China still acted in concert to shape the outcome of the 1911 Revolution. The outbreak of World War I brought about the decline of the pre-war concert mechanism. Japan, taking advantage of the World War I, stregnthened its power in China. After the First World War, the Versailles-Washington system partially rebuilt the mechanism of concert, but suffered from great internal structural contradictions. Great powers such as Britain, France, and the United States failed to act in concert to stop the Japanese invasion of China. However, the breakdown of the “concert of great powers” also made China a “weak link” in the global colonial order, which prepared the basic conditions for the Chinese revolution. Taking modern China’s experience of “concert of great powers” as a reference, how to avoid the repetition of the dark side of the old “concert of great powers” in history will be a topic that China needs to rethink in the post-unipolar era.

HTML

Relative (20)

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Return

The Burden of “Concert of Great Powers” and the Remaking of Modern China

Abstract

References

Access

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

The Burden of “Concert of Great Powers” and the Remaking of Modern China

HTML

目录