马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

小田

马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

小田

作者简介: 小田，苏州大学历史系教授（江苏苏州 215123）;

中图分类号: K25

Ma Rufei’s Legends and the Generating of Modern Storytellers’ Ideal Personality

TIAN XIAO

Available Online: 2019-03-01
CLC number: K25

摘要: 历史轶事的史料价值主要不在于其所涉史事的可信度，而更在于轶事流播所由提供的时代和社会讯息。晚清苏州评弹宗师马如飞的轶事在清末民国时期的流播，生成了说书人的理想人格，反映了轶事传播者对文化资源的动员。从非常有限的关于马如飞行状的原始文献出发，清末民国一部分以救世自任的江南说书人和社会精英通过历史轶事极力将马如飞塑造成学殖深厚、善施教化的衣冠人物，而喁喁望沾之底层民众宁愿将马如飞传说为亲近民间、侠骨柔肠的江湖之士。理论上两相对待的人格在马如飞轶事中达成和解，生成为近代说书人的理想人格。综观马如飞人格的生成方式，无论是本诸原始文献的历史释疑和选择性记忆，还是偏离原始文献的主位佐证和轶事版本辩争，在在表明，原始文献不过是近代江南人运用历史轶事控制象征符号的意义、表达社会理想的知识资源，其间的马如飞轶事则衍为一份社会观念史，从中我们不仅得窥近代江南社会阶层的不同诉求，更重要的是，也认识了各自为此而进行的文化权力竞争。
- 马如飞 /
- 轶事 /
- 说书人 /
- 理想人格 /
- 生成
Abstract: The material value of historical legend mainly lies in the times and social messages provided through the dissemination of legend, instead of the credibility of the historical events involved. In the late Qing Dynasty, the legend of Ma Rufei, who was the great master of Suzhou Pingtan (" 苏州评弹”), has spread far and wide in the end Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, generating a modern storytellers’ ideal personality, from which reflect the mobilization of cultural resources by the legend disseminator. Starting from the very limited original documents about Ma’s deeds, the storytellers and social elite in South-eastern China who undertook world salvation in the end Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China managed to mold Ma into a scholar of great learning and skillful in making education. However, the populace who anxiously expected to be favoured would rather propagate Ma as a man who was close to folk world and a chivalrous and tender itinerant entertainer. The two contrasted personalities—scholar and folk world person—have reached an accommodation in Ma’s legend, generating an ideal personality of modern storytellers. Through an overview of the generating mode of Ma’s personality, whether on the basis of disabuses of original documents and selective recall or emic proof deviated from the original documents and argument about different legend versions, the original documents in all aspects indicate get the command of the meaning of the symbol mark and are the knowledge resource of using the historical legend to express the social ideal by modern Jiangnan people, among them deriving a history of social ideas from Ma Rufei’s legends, from which we could not only discover the different appeal from several social class, could but also understand cultural power competition for the appeal respectively.
- Ma Rufei /
- legends /
- storyteller /
- ideal personality /
- generating
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马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

作者简介:小田，苏州大学历史系教授（江苏苏州 215123）

网络出版日期: 2019-03-01

关键词:

摘要: 历史轶事的史料价值主要不在于其所涉史事的可信度，而更在于轶事流播所由提供的时代和社会讯息。晚清苏州评弹宗师马如飞的轶事在清末民国时期的流播，生成了说书人的理想人格，反映了轶事传播者对文化资源的动员。从非常有限的关于马如飞行状的原始文献出发，清末民国一部分以救世自任的江南说书人和社会精英通过历史轶事极力将马如飞塑造成学殖深厚、善施教化的衣冠人物，而喁喁望沾之底层民众宁愿将马如飞传说为亲近民间、侠骨柔肠的江湖之士。理论上两相对待的人格在马如飞轶事中达成和解，生成为近代说书人的理想人格。综观马如飞人格的生成方式，无论是本诸原始文献的历史释疑和选择性记忆，还是偏离原始文献的主位佐证和轶事版本辩争，在在表明，原始文献不过是近代江南人运用历史轶事控制象征符号的意义、表达社会理想的知识资源，其间的马如飞轶事则衍为一份社会观念史，从中我们不仅得窥近代江南社会阶层的不同诉求，更重要的是，也认识了各自为此而进行的文化权力竞争。

Ma Rufei’s Legends and the Generating of Modern Storytellers’ Ideal Personality

Available Online: 2019-03-01

Abstract: The material value of historical legend mainly lies in the times and social messages provided through the dissemination of legend, instead of the credibility of the historical events involved. In the late Qing Dynasty, the legend of Ma Rufei, who was the great master of Suzhou Pingtan (" 苏州评弹”), has spread far and wide in the end Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, generating a modern storytellers’ ideal personality, from which reflect the mobilization of cultural resources by the legend disseminator. Starting from the very limited original documents about Ma’s deeds, the storytellers and social elite in South-eastern China who undertook world salvation in the end Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China managed to mold Ma into a scholar of great learning and skillful in making education. However, the populace who anxiously expected to be favoured would rather propagate Ma as a man who was close to folk world and a chivalrous and tender itinerant entertainer. The two contrasted personalities—scholar and folk world person—have reached an accommodation in Ma’s legend, generating an ideal personality of modern storytellers. Through an overview of the generating mode of Ma’s personality, whether on the basis of disabuses of original documents and selective recall or emic proof deviated from the original documents and argument about different legend versions, the original documents in all aspects indicate get the command of the meaning of the symbol mark and are the knowledge resource of using the historical legend to express the social ideal by modern Jiangnan people, among them deriving a history of social ideas from Ma Rufei’s legends, from which we could not only discover the different appeal from several social class, could but also understand cultural power competition for the appeal respectively.

马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

作者简介: 小田，苏州大学历史系教授（江苏苏州 215123）;

Ma Rufei’s Legends and the Generating of Modern Storytellers’ Ideal Personality

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

作者简介:小田，苏州大学历史系教授（江苏苏州 215123）

English Abstract

Ma Rufei’s Legends and the Generating of Modern Storytellers’ Ideal Personality

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马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

作者简介: 小田，苏州大学历史系教授（江苏苏州 215123）;

Ma Rufei’s Legends and the Generating of Modern Storytellers’ Ideal Personality

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

马如飞轶事与近代说书人的理想人格生成

作者简介:小田，苏州大学历史系教授（江苏苏州 215123）

English Abstract

Ma Rufei’s Legends and the Generating of Modern Storytellers’ Ideal Personality

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