中央聚合—地方封闭政策体制及其更新：国家治理现代化的政治资源再造
Central Cohesive - Local Closed Policy System and Its Renewal: The Political Resource Reconstruction of National Governance Modernization
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摘要: 实现国家治理现代化需要重视政策体制。中央层面的政策体制具有“聚合”特点，具体形式是：关键个人及其公共能量场驱动建立完全政策议程，以党中央为核心统合凝聚、高位推动形成政策方案，以“程序合法+体制合法”双重检验政策合法化。地方层面则呈现“封闭、参与不足与自循环”特点，一方面，“自上而下压力传导、自下而上政绩显示、由外而内要求输入、由内而外价值输出”是其生成来源；另一方面，又在自我强化中促使地方治理陷入路径依赖和锁定，成为地方治理现代化的阻力。因此，在迈向国家治理现代化进程中，中央层面的聚合型政策体制需要保持，而地方层面的封闭型政策体制需要改进，一种可行路径是向“有限开放”与“有序参与”转变。Abstract: To modernize national governance, we need to attach importance to policy systems. The policy system at central level is characterized by “cohesion and integration”. The specific form is that key individuals and their public energy fields drive the establishment of a complete policy agenda, the CPC Central Committee is the core of the integration and cohesion, and the high position promotes the formation of policy programs, and the policy legalization is tested by “procedural legitimacy + institutional legitimacy”. On the one hand, “top-down pressure transmission, bottom-up performance display, from outside to inside requirements input, from inside to outside value output” is the source of its generation. On the other hand, it makes local governance fall into path dependence and lock in the process of self-reinforcement, which becomes the resistance to the modernization of local governance. Therefore, in the process of modernization of national governance, the centralized policy system at the central level needs to be maintained, while the closed policy system at the local level needs to be improved. A feasible path is to change to “limited opening” and “orderly participation”.
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