安维峻“陇上铁汉”的形象与晚清清流政治
“Iron Man of Long” An Weijun and the Ching-liu Politics of Late Qing Dynasty
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摘要: 安维峻是晚清时期一位忠君爱国、勤政爱民、廉洁奉公、不惧权贵、不畏强权、敢于直言劝谏的英雄式人物，他与清流群体成员不仅有着较为密切的私人交际联系，还在思想观念以及具体作为等方面保持着高度的相似性和一致性。甲午中日战争爆发前后，安维峻积极谏言，纠正和惩处了一些地方官员的不当行为，对地方实力派也起到了一定的警示和震慑作用；但是安维峻维护皇权，打击地方实力派的主观目的性太过强烈，有些奏疏内容显得牵强附会，闻风奏事的固有缺陷与耿介直言的谏言风格最终为自己招致了祸端。纵观安维峻的政治生涯，他有着清流的良知、血性和气节，向世人展现了“铁汉”儒者的形象。与此同时，安维峻也与其他大多数清流人士一样，有着思想狭隘、保守甚至迂腐的一面，他对外界新变化知之甚少，晚年言行逐渐逆时代潮流，盲目忠君、一味复古、反对维新变革，渐失昔日刚劲之气。安维峻是晚清清流群体的典型代表人物，他与许多清流人士在社会经历、贡献、局限性等方面存在大量相似之处，人们对安维峻的固化印象也体现了对清流群体的笼统认知。通过解析安维峻及其清流生涯，可以管窥晚清政局下的清流政治。Abstract: An WeiJun was a heroic figure in late Qing Dynasty, who was diligent in work, care about the people, brave to speak out and admonish. He not only has a relatively close personal communication with the number of Ching-liu (“清流”) group, but also maintains a high degree of similarity and consistency in terms of ideology and specific actions. Around the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1894-1895, An Weijun advised actively, corrected and punished some local officials for their improper behaviors, which also played a certain warning and deterrence role to the local forces. But An Weijun maintained the imperial power, the subjective purpose of cracking down on local forces is too strong, some memorial to the throne is far-fetched, the inherent defects of listening to rumors and outspoken style of advice eventually led to disaster for himself. Throughout the political career of An Weijun, he has a clear conscience and consciousness, but also has a clear blood and integrity, he showed the world the “iron man” Confucian scholar image. At the same time, An Weijun, like most other Ching-liu people, has narrow-minded, conservative and even pedantic side. He knew little about the new changes in the outside world. After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1894-1895, he went against the trend of the times for a long time, gradually losing his vigor of the past. An Weijun was deeply influenced by Neo-Confucianism, adhered to and pursued the ideological line of Ching-liu for most of his life. He became famous for being honest and admonition. However, in his later years, he eventually became a victims in the old age of the late Qing Dynasty. An Weijun was a typical representative of the late Ching-liu group, He had many connections with Ching-liu people in terms of social experience, contributions, shortcomings and deficiencies. By understanding the stereotyping of An Weijun’s personal image and the process of stereotyping, we can briefly recognize of the Ching-liu politics under the political situation of the late Qing Dynasty.
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Key words:
- An WeiJun /
- Iron man /
- Ching-liu /
- late Qing Dynasty /
- The Draft of Remonstrance /
- the Sino-Japanese war in 1894-1895
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